[!] Measuring dk/df and its requirement in RFID etc's application.

DK/DF measurement is the process used to determine the dielectric constant (DK) and dissipation coefficient (DF) of the material. DK is a measure of the ability of a material to store electrical energy in an electric field, while DF is a measure of the ability of a material as a heat dissipated electric energy.(Arumugam & Harikrishnan, 2017). In the field of electronic engineering, accurate DK/DF measurement is essential for the design and manufacture of electronic equipment and systems (Norton, 2018). These parameters will affect the performance of electronic components such as capacitors, insulators and transmission lines. Similarly, in the communication system, these parameters will affect the transmission and reception of signals (Li et al., 2017). In the label manufacturing industry, DK/DF measurement is particularly important for the design and production of radio frequency identification (RFID) tags. RFID tags are widely used in the label production industry for inventory management, supply chain efficiency and product safety (Zhao et al., 2018). The resonant frequency of the tag antenna is very important for efficient operation and maximum reading range in RFID tag applications. The dielectric constant and dissipation coefficient of the label surface, adhesive and lining will significantly affect the resonance frequency of the label antenna. Therefore, accurate DK/DF measurement is essential for selecting the right materials and optimizing the design of marker antennas (Hsu et al., 2019). Without accurate DK/DF measurement, the marked antenna may not be able to produce resonance at the required frequency, resulting in poor reading range and performance. This in turn will lead to inefficient inventory management, delayed supply chain and reduced product security (Chen et al., 2018). Using low Dk materials can reduce signal attenuation and improve signal integrity. Because the transmission delay of the signal is related to the size of the dielectric constant εr (DielectricConstant; Dk) and the structure of the film, Using materials with a low dielectric constant can reduce the transmission delay of signals and reduce CrossTalk between signals. On the other hand, dielectric loss represents the signal loss in the material, which is usually marked by Loss Tangent or Df (Dissipation Factor).

The TOYOBO's CRISPER®、 KAMISHINE® series that we supplied, provide low Dk/Df value comparing to other PET films with weight ratio of 1.4; on top of its own advantage as an electricity insulator make CRISPER and KAMISHINE excellent candidate in UHD RFID, NFC label applicaiton （For more details related to Electronic installation, Surface resistivity, please refers to ：https://www.chungthai.com/en/post/surfaceresistivitysurfaceresistancedifferencesandwhyitiscrucialinlabelmanufacture ）

Source: Electronic Property of CRISPER® comparing to other PET, OPP, PVC; CopyRight C&T ChungThai Paper Pty Ltd., All right Reserve

Various techniques are used to carry out DK/DF measurement, including time-domain reflectometry, network analysis, and resonant cavity methods (Wu et al., 2017). The choice of method depends on the application, the frequency range of interest, and the accuracy required.

DK/DF measurement is a crucial process that plays a vital role in the design and manufacture of electronic devices and systems. It is particularly critical in the label making industry for optimizing the design and production of RFID tags, ensuring efficient and reliable operation. Accurate DK/DF measurement can help identify and address any issues in the tag antenna design, ensuring maximum read range and performance, and consistency across large production runs.

---------- References:

Arumugam, K., & Harikrishnan, K. (2017). Dielectric properties of materials and their applications in microwave and millimeter wave circuits. In Handbook of Microwave Engineering (pp. 199-224). Springer.

Chen, H., Liao, W., & Yang, X. (2018). A high-performance UHF RFID tag antenna design based on low-loss PCB material. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, 66(5), 2346-2350.

Hsu, C. W., Chang, Y. H., Chen, C. W., & Chen, Y. R. (2019). Design and simulation of a passive RFID tag antenna for food safety tracking. Applied Sciences, 9(8), 1677.

Li, C., Song, Y., Liu, F., & Wang, Z. (2017). Study of key parameters affecting the performance of RFID systems in industrial environments. International Journal of RF and Microwave Computer-Aided Engineering, 27(4), e21023.

Norton, R. L. (2018). Handbook of microwave integrated circuits. CRC Press.